Eye anatomy

Eye anatomy

1. Uvea - middle layer of the eye. It is composed of the iris, ciliary body and choroid. It is located between the sclera and the retina.

2. Iris - part of the eyes that gives them their characteristic color. It controls the size of the pupil to regulate the amount of light entering the eyes.

3. Ciliary body - group of muscles that release the aqueous humor and adjusts the shape of the lens to focus vision. During an inflammatory episode, it releases white cells and proteins into the aqueous humor.

4. Choroid - a layer of blood vessels that supplies nutrients to the eye. It is thicker at the back and thinner at the front of the eyes. It lies between the sclera and the retina.

5. Conjunctiva - membrane inside the eyelid that covers the sclera.

6. Lens - it allows us to focus our vision at different distances.

7. Pupil - the opening of the eye through which light enters.

8. Cornea - a curved, translucent structure that refracts light.

9. Pars plana - extension of the ciliary body that is not covered by the retina.

10. Sclera - the white part of the eye. It is the outermost layer.

11. Vitreous humor - a gelatinous substance inside the vitreous chamber. It helps maintain the shape of the eye.

12. Optical disc - part of the eye known as the "blind spot” because it contains no photoreceptors.

13. Optic nerve - transmits electrical impulses to the brain.

14. Fovea - the slit in the macula where light rays are concentrated. The macula is the ocular structure responsible for central vision.

15. Retina - nerve layer that contains photoreceptor cells (cones and rods) and transmits impulses to the optic nerve.

The ocular anatomy is also classified into two cavities and three chambers. The anterior cavity contains the anterior and posterior chamber The posterior cavity contains the vitreous chamber. This is the largest of the three chambers.

Anterior cavity:

a) Anterior chamber - area between cornea and iris

b) Posterior chamber - area between the iris and vitreous

Posterior cavity:

a) Vitreous chamber - area between the lens and the retina. Contains the vitreous humor.